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1937年7月，日本侵略者发动了全面侵华战争，分兵向内蒙古的察哈尔、绥远大举进攻。1937年8月27日，张家口沦陷后，9月4日成立了伪“察南自治政府”。1937年10月15日，伪晋北自治政府成立，1937年10月28日，伪蒙古联盟自治政府成立。1937年11月23日，在日本帝国主义的策划下，上述三个伪政府合并成立"伪蒙疆联合委员会"，并成立伪蒙疆银行。1938年8月16日，伪蒙疆银行在日本铸造的五角银币开始流通。

1937年12月1日设立于张家口市的伪蒙疆银行，是日伪在华北、华中设立的20多家银行中的四个主要银行之一。它与1938年3月设立于北平的伪中国联合准备银行、1939年设立于上海的伪华兴商业银行和1941年设立于南京的伪中央储备银行并称为“四伪银行”。

伪“蒙疆银行”，业务除经营普通银行业务外，并有发行伪钞，代理伪“蒙疆国库”等特权，俨然蒙疆地区之中央银行。此外又利用原有新式金融机构破坏之机会，乘机建立其地方金融之统制网，为日本殖民统治服务。

蒙疆银行为日本侵华期间在蒙疆地区成立的伪政权银行，成立于1937年11月23日。蒙疆银行是德王蒙疆政府的“中央银行”，主要任务是制造、发行货币，承管国库事务，办理内外一切银行事务，实施政府的金融政策等。在大同、北京、天津、厚和、包头、多伦等十余地设有分行。在日本首都东京和满洲国新京长春设有办事处。

蒙疆银行五角硬币

在日本人的操纵下，“蒙古联合自治政府”、“察南自治政府”、“晋北自治政府”三个伪政权均摊，共同集资12000万元，同时接受了原察南丰业银行，绥远平市官钱局、冀东银行，吞并了44家私人钱庄、银号，没收了绥远各地的中央、交通、农民银行的法币财产，吸收了日本的600万投资作为资金，于1937年12月1日，在宣化市（今张家口市宣化区）鼓楼西街正式成立“蒙疆银行”并营业。

蒙疆银行五角发行于民国二十七年（1938年），该币为镍合金材质。该硬币正面中心有4瓣花朵纹，四周是蝙蝠纹饰，蝙蝠外围似四朵盛开的鲜花。“蒙疆银行”四字对读，正面下方有“民国二十七年”字样。背面中央是汉字“五角”字样，上有蒙文，“五角”二字两边有华丽龙纹装饰，“五角”二字下方似西周中晚期青铜器上的兽面纹。正背面图案均采用对称设计，纹饰精美，吉祥，汉、蒙文各具一面，字体虽全为隶书体，但正面、背面字体又有微妙的变化，让人赏心悦目回味无穷。正面中心部的花瓣在有限的厚度上做出三层浮雕，实属不易。蒙疆银行五角镍币整体制作精细，布局精美华丽，虽是伪币，却是中国机制币家族中难得少见的精良之作。

1933年7月，蒙古王公德穆楚克栋鲁普以百灵庙为中心，发动了“内蒙 古高度自治运动”，并投靠了日本。1937年7月，日本侵略者发动了全面侵华战争，分兵向内蒙古的察哈尔、绥远大举进攻。在占领了张家口和大同后，分别成立了伪“察南自治政府”和伪“晋北自治政府”同时也成立了伪蒙疆银行。

这枚钱币包浆自然，底光柔和，所谓包浆是自然形成的氧化层，也有人为手盘包浆，两者不同，但同时都有保护钱币的功能，有如给钱币镀上一层保护膜，使钱币不再氧化，便于收藏传世，如果觉得钱币脏，可以用清水洗，再用棉布擦干，不要破坏包浆，破坏了包浆就相当于破坏了保护层，更重要的是包浆是鉴定新老钱币最简单有效的方法。细看这枚钱币品相完美，没有磕缺，损毁，变形等是不可多得的收藏级钱币，具有极高的历史考证价值，以及收藏价值。

英文翻译：In July 1937, the Japanese invaders launched an all-out war of aggression against China, and launched a large-scale attack on Chahar and Suiyuan in Inner Mongolia. On August 27, 1937, after the fall of Zhangjiakou, the puppet "Qannan Autonomous Government" was established on September 4. On October 15, 1937, the puppet Northern Shanxi Autonomous Government was established, and on October 28, 1937, the Puppet Mongolian Union autonomous Government was established. On November 23, 1937, under the planning of The Japanese imperialists, the three puppet governments were merged to form the "Puppet Mengjiang Joint Committee" and the Puppet Mengjiang Bank was established. On August 16, 1938, the fifty silver coins minted by the Fake Mengjiang Bank in Japan began to circulate.

Established in Zhangjiakou city on December 1, 1937, the Puppet Mengjiang Bank was one of the four major banks among more than 20 banks established by the Japanese puppet in north and central China. It is called the "four pseudo-banks" together with the pseudo-China Joint Reserve Bank established in Peiping in March 1938, the pseudo-Huaxing Commercial Bank established in Shanghai in 1939 and the pseudo-Central Reserve Bank established in Nanjing in 1941.

The fake "Bank of Mengjiang", in addition to ordinary banking business, has the privilege of issuing counterfeit banknotes and acting as the fake "Treasury of Mengjiang", just like the central bank of Mengjiang region. In addition, it took advantage of the destruction of the original new financial institutions to establish its local financial control network to serve the Japanese colonial rule.

Mengjiang Bank was established on November 23, 1937 as a pseudo-regime bank in Mengjiang during The Japanese invasion of China. Mengjiang Bank is the "central bank" of the Mengjiang government of Germany. Its main task is to manufacture and issue currency, undertake Treasury affairs, handle all internal and external banking affairs, and implement the financial policies of the government. We have branches in Datong, Beijing, Tianjin, Houhe, Baotou, Duolun and so on. It has offices in Tokyo, capital of Japan and Changchun, New Capital of Manchukuo.

Fifty cents from mengjiang Bank

Under the control of the Japanese, the three puppet regimes, the "Mongolian United Autonomous Government", the "Qannan Autonomous Government" and the "Northern Shanxi Autonomous Government", jointly raised 120 million yuan, accepted the former Channan Fengye Bank, suiyuanping official money Bureau and Jidong Bank, and annexed 44 private banks and banks. Confiscated the legal property of central Bank, Communications bank and Peasants Bank in Suiyuan, absorbed 6 million Japanese investment as capital, and formally established "Mengjiang Bank" in Gulou West Street, Xuanhua City (today's Xuanhua District, Zhangjiakou City) and started business on December 1, 1937.

Mengjiang Bank five cents issued in the twenty-seventh year of the Republic of China (1938), the coin is made of nickel alloy. The coin has four flower patterns in the center of the obverse, surrounded by bat patterns, like four flowers blooming outside the bat. The word "Bank of Mengjiang" reads in reverse, with the words "the 27th year of the Republic of China" at the bottom of the front. In the center of the back is the Chinese character "five hundred and fifty" with Mongolian characters on it. The two sides of the word "five hundred and fifty" are decorated with magnificent dragon patterns. The lower part of the word "five hundred" looks like the animal face patterns on bronzes in the middle and late Western Zhou Dynasty. The front and back of the design are symmetrical design, elegant decoration, auspicious, Han and Mongolian characters have one side, although all the fonts are official script, but the front and back of the font has subtle changes, let people enjoy the endless aftertaste. It is not easy to make three layers of relief on the limited thickness of petals in the center of the front. The whole production of Mengjiang Bank nickel is fine, the layout is beautiful and gorgeous, although it is counterfeit currency, it is a rare and rare excellent work in the Chinese mechanism currency family.

In July 1933, Mongol Maharaja Demuchuk Donrup launched a movement for high autonomy in Inner Mongolia centering on the Temple and defected to Japan. In July 1937, the Japanese invaders launched an all-out war of aggression against China, and launched a large-scale attack on Chahar and Suiyuan in Inner Mongolia. After occupying Zhangjiakou and Datong, the pseudo "Channan Self-governing Government" and the pseudo "Northern Shanxi Self-governing government" were respectively established, and the pseudo Mengjiang Bank was also established.

This coin patina nature, the bottom light is downy, so-called wrapped slurry is a natural formation of the oxide layer, also some people to hand wrapped slurry, the two different, but at the same time have to protect the function of money, like a plated coin on a layer of protective film, make money no longer oxidation, facilitate collection handed down from ancient times, if feel money is dirty, can wash, reoccupy cloth wipe, do not destroy the wrapped slurry, The destruction of patina is equivalent to the destruction of the protective layer, and more importantly, patina is the simplest and effective way to identify new and old coins. Take a close look at this coin with perfect appearance, no damage, damage, deformation and so on. It is a rare collection level coin, which has a very high historical research value and collection value.